What Does Soil Have to Do with It?

The soil composition can influence the flavors of wine grapes in various ways. Here are five factors related to soil that can impact the taste of wine grapes:

Mineral Content: The minerals present in the soil, such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium, can be absorbed by the grapevines. These minerals contribute to the overall flavor profile of the grapes and, subsequently, the wine.

Soil Drainage: The drainage capacity of the soil affects the water retention around the grapevine roots. Well-draining soils prevent water-logged conditions, promoting healthy vine growth. The balance of water availability influences grape development and flavor concentration.

Soil pH: The acidity or alkalinity of the soil, measured by pH, can impact grape flavors. Different grape varieties thrive in specific pH ranges. Soil pH can affect the solubility of minerals, influencing their availability to grapevines.

Organic Matter: The presence of organic matter in the soil contributes to its fertility. Organic materials release nutrients as they decompose, providing essential elements for grapevine growth. This can influence the flavor and aromatic compounds in the grapes. Gives wine that “funky” note.

Microbial Activity: Soil is home to various microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms interact with the grapevine roots in a symbiotic relationship, influencing nutrient uptake and, consequently, grape flavor. The microbial community can also contribute to the terroir of wine.

The combination of these soil-related factors, along with climate and vineyard management practices, contributes to the unique characteristics of wine produced from particular region, often referred to as "terroir” (terˈwär).

Contributed by Blake Leland, Sommelier for Plume Ridge Bottle Shop.